《泰晤士报》网络版3月27日发表了中国国务院副总理王岐山的专栏文章，王岐山在文中指出，发展中国家应该在国际金融体系中具有更大的发言权。以下为文章全文：

　　始于去年的国际金融危机使世界经济遭受了前所未有的打击。为应对危机，即将召开的伦敦金融峰会必须发出国际社会携手合作、共克时艰的强烈信号。

　 　金融危机爆发以来，中国及时、果断地出台了扩大内需、调整结构、改善民生的一揽子计划，这些措施已初见成效。当前，中国经济仍面临十分严峻的挑战，挑战 既来自于我国以扩内需、保就业、调结构，实现保增长的高目标要求，亦来自世界经济衰退以及贸易、投资保护主义等因素形成的外需萎缩。中国将继续采取有力措 施，努力保持经济平稳较快发展，为世界经济尽快走出困境做出贡献。

　　去年华盛顿Ｇ２０峰会以来，作为国际社会负责任的国家，中国已通 过各种方式，向一些国家和地区提供了大量的帮助和支持。与有关国家和地区签署了５８００亿元人民币的双边货币互换协议；参与清迈倡议多边化项下的货币储备 库建设；参与国际金融公司贸易融资计划；成立“与美洲开发银行合作联系机制”；中美两国进出口银行洽谈签署了２００亿美元贸易融资协议。在此期间，中国政 府组织企业采购团赴欧洲进行采购，采购额达１３６亿美元。我们将在南南合作的框架下，继续向其它发展中国家提供援助。

　　克服当前的困难，国际社会应进一步加强宏观经济政策协调。大力开展贸易和投资合作，为经济增长提供坚实支撑；加强中小企业合作，确保就业稳定；加强节能减排、环保、新能源和新技术合作，培育世界经济新的增长点。

　　国际社会应正视经济全球化的趋势不可逆转，采取实际行动反对各种形式的贸易、投资保护主义。

　　国际社会应大力推进国际金融体系改革，着力调整国际金融组织的治理结构，提高发展中国家的代表性和发言权。峰会应就此制订明确的改革目标、时间表和路线图。强化对所有金融市场及其参与机构的审慎监管，加强区域和国际监管协调与合作，以避免类似危机重演。

　　关于国际社会普遍关注的国际货币基金组织（ＩＭＦ）的增资问题，我们的看法是：

　　中国在确保资金安全和合理收益的前提下，支持ＩＭＦ增资，愿与各方积极探讨融资方式并做出力所能及的贡献。我们主张ＩＭＦ按照权利与义务平衡、分摊与自愿相结合的原则筹集资金。

　　在增资规模上，要考虑不同国家发展阶段、人均ＧＤＰ水平、外汇储备资金性质和形成、积累过程以及本国经济安全对其依赖程度的巨大差别。简单以外汇储备多寡确定出资规模既不现实也是不公正的。

　 　在增资方式上，应首先考虑增加份额。如短期内难以增加份额，应按现有份额出资。当份额出资不足以解燃眉之急时，ＩＭＦ即可启动发行债券方式，中国将参与 认购。对美国倡导的“新借款安排”（ＮＡＢ）方式，中国将认真研究。对于“双边借款安排”方式，多边会议不宜讨论和决定此类双边问题，应由相关国与ＩＭＦ 单独协商。总之，此次增资应在ＩＭＦ框架中以灵活多样的方式进行。

　　在资金使用上，ＩＭＦ必须加强能力建设，进行治理结构改革，确保资金对缓解国际金融危机、遏制世界经济衰退发挥明显效用。资金使用要进行科学评估、合理规划、严格监管，做到公平、公正、透明、有效。我们倾向应重点帮助受危机影响严重的发展中国家。

　　我们坚信，通过国际社会的共同努力，一定能战胜这场百年一遇的金融危机，迎来更加美好的明天。



原文：

The global financial crisis that started last year has taken its toll on the world economy on an unprecedented scale. To cope with the crisis, a strong signal must be sent from the upcoming London summit that the international community is determined to act together to get through the time of hardship.

After the financial crisis broke out, China was quick to put in place a decisive plan to boost domestic demand, advance economic restructuring and improve people''s wellbeing. These measures have started to produce results. At present, the Chinese economy still faces severe challenges.

We have to meet the demanding goal of maintaining economic growth by boosting domestic demand, ensuring employment and readjusting the economic structure. We also have to cope with shrinking external demand caused by the global economic downturn and trade and investment protectionism. China will continue to take forceful measures to maintain steady and fast economic growth and contribute its share to an early recovery of the world economy.

Since the G20 summit in Washington last year, China, as a responsible member of the international community, has provided a lot of assistance and support through a variety of means to a number of countries and regions. We signed bilateral currency swap agreements worth 580billion yuan (about ￡58.5billion) with various countries and regions.

We played a part in the creation of significant Asian and global economic and trade initiatives, such as the Chian Mai initiative and the International Finance Corporation''s global trade finance programme. We initiated an interagency co-operation and liaison mechanism for affairs related to the Inter-American Development Bank. The Export-Import Banks of China and the United States signed a trade finance agreement worth $20billion in December 2008. The Chinese Government sent Chinese companies on procurement missions to Europe and made purchases worth $13.6billion. We will continue to provide assistance to other developing countries particularly in Africa and Asia, within the framework of “South-South” co-operation.

To overcome the current difficulties, the international community should enhance co-ordination on macroeconomic policies. Efforts should be made to expand trade and investment co-operation to bolster economic growth, step up co-operation among small and medium-size businesses to ensure employment stability, and strengthen co-operation in energy conservation and emissions'' reduction, environmental protection and development of new energy technologies to nurture growth points for the world economy.

The international community should recognise that the trend towards economic globalisation is irreversible and should take credible steps to reject all forms of trade and investment protectionism.

It should also press ahead with the reform of the international financial system, with the focus on readjusting the governance structure of international financial institutions and increasing the representation and voice of developing countries. The summit should set a clear goal, timetable and road-map for such reform. Prudent regulation of all financial markets and institutions involved should be tightened and regulatory co-ordination and co-operation at both the regional and international levels should be increased to prevent a crisis of this kind from happening again.

On increasing financial resources for the International Monetary Fund (IMF), an issue that has drawn widespread attention, we are of the following views: China supports increasing IMF resources on the basis of ensuring safety and reasonable returns. China is ready to play an active part in exploring ways to raise resources and will contribute to this effort within its ability. We hold that the IMF should mobilise resources through the quota-based system as well as voluntary contributions, striking a balance between the rights and obligations of the contributing countries.

The scale of increase should be determined in the light of the vast difference among countries in terms of stage of development, per capita GDP, the nature, composition and build-up of foreign exchange reserves and the level of dependency of a country''s economic security on foreign exchange reserves. It is neither realistic nor fair to set the scale of contribution simply by the size of foreign exchange reserves.

On the ways to increase IMF resources, top priority should be given to a quota increase. If this cannot be done in the short term, contributions should be determined by the current quotas. If quota-based contributions fall short of immediate needs, the IMF can issue bonds, and China will be a buyer of the bonds. China will carefully study the “new arrangements to borrow” proposed by the United States. Bilateral borrowing arrangements should be discussed separately between the countries concerned and the IMF, as multilateral conferences are not the right place to discuss or decide upon such bilateral issues. In short, the increase of resources should be achieved within the IMF framework and in flexible and different ways.

On the use of the resources, the IMF must enhance capacity-building, reform governance structure and ensure that the resources play a significant role in easing the international financial crisis and countering the global economic downturn. The use of resources should be subject to scientific assessment, proper planning and rigorous oversight to ensure that it is fair, just, transparent and effective. We hope that the resources are used mainly to help developing countries seriously affected by the crisis.

We firmly believe that as long as the international community works together, we will be able to prevail over this once-in-a-century financial crisis and embrace a better future.
                                                     文章摘自:泰晤士报
作者:王岐山